2015研究生入學(xué)統一考試試題及答案完整版（英語(yǔ)一）

　　[估分]2015年考研英語(yǔ)估分

　　[答案]2015年考研英語(yǔ)真題答案

　　[解析]2015年考研英語(yǔ)真題解析

　　[下載]2015年考研英語(yǔ)真題及答案下載

   Section 1 Use of English

　　Directions:Readthe following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank andmark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)

　　Though not biologically related, friends are as "related" as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, has 2 .

　　The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .

　　While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As co-author of the study James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego says, "Most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the people who 8 our kin."

　　The team also developed a "friendship score" which can predict who will be your friend based on their genes.

　　The study 9 found that the genes for smell were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity in olfactory genes is difficult to explain, for now. 10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working in tandem that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 than "functional kinship" of being friends with 14 !

　　One of the remarkable findings of the study was that the similar genes seem to be evolving 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.

　　The findings do not simply corroborate people’s 18 to befriend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care was taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers were taken from the same population. The team also controlled the data to check ancestry of subjects.

　　1 A what         B why           C how           D when

　　2 A defended     B concluded     C withdrawn     D advised

　　3 A for          B with          C by            D on

　　4 A separated    B sought        C compared      D connected

　　5 A tests        B objects       C samples       D examples

　　6 A insignificant B unexpected   C unreliable    D incredible

　　7 A visit         B miss         C know          D seek

　　8 A surpass       B influence    C favor         D resemble

　　9 A again         B also         C instead       D thus

　　10 A Meanwhile    B Furthermore  C Likewise      D Perhaps

　　11 A about        B to           C from          D like

　　12 A limit        B observe      C confuse       D drive

　　13 A according to B rather than  C regardless of D along with

　　14 A chances      B responses    C benefits      D missions

　　15 A faster       B slower       C later         D earlier

　　16 A forecast     B remember     C express       D understand

　　17 A unpredicted  B contributory C controllable  D disruptive

　　18 A tendency     B decision     C arrangement   D endeavor

　　19 A political    B religious    C ethnic        D economic

　　20 A see          B show         C prove         D tell

　　答案解析

　　1、A what 本句的句意是：這就是加利福尼亞大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)在美國國家科學(xué)院報告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第一個(gè)空考察表語(yǔ)從句的引導詞。

　　2、B concluded 本句的句意是：這就是加利福尼亞大學(xué)和耶魯大學(xué)在美國國家科學(xué)院報告上聯(lián)合發(fā)表的研究成果。第二個(gè)空為針對從句謂語(yǔ)進(jìn)行的詞義考察。

　　3、D on 本句前半句的句意是：這項研究是一個(gè)基于1932個(gè)獨特個(gè)體的基因組廣譜分析?？疾霤onduct on詞組，進(jìn)行。從句意為：它對成對兒的非親緣朋友和陌生人進(jìn)行比較。

　　4、C compared 比較，根據上下文及后一句的same知道，比較為最佳。

　　5、C samples 詞義題，樣本，C為最佳選項。

　　6、A insignificant 詞義題，1%，以及后面的not so轉折，判斷，A insignificant不顯著(zhù)，為最佳選項。

　　7、C know 句意為：一些人雖然并不認識他們第四代的表親，但他們選擇的朋友卻和這些親戚頗有相似之處。

　　8、D resemble 詞義題，和上一個(gè)空形成轉折。

　　9、B also 上下文邏輯題，發(fā)現了，還發(fā)現了。Also為最佳選項。

　　10、D Perhaps 結合上下文：這一現象很難解釋?zhuān)竺娼釉?，原因“可能”是……最符合文章大意?/p>

　　11、B to 介詞題，意為：就像這個(gè)科研團隊所發(fā)現的，這個(gè)因素不僅把我們帶到詳細的環(huán)境中來(lái)，更有一些深層次的影響。

　　12、D drive 詞義題，根據上下文，對我們產(chǎn)生影響，驅使我們……drive為最佳選項。

　　13、B rather than 邏輯題，基因上相似的，功能上相似的，二者對立不能同時(shí)存在，rather than不是…而是最符合。

　　14、C benefits 跟“功能”搭配，選個(gè)褒義詞，帶來(lái)好處的，最佳。

　　15、A faster 詞義題，根據后半句解釋?zhuān)@就是為什么“picked pace”加速，這里只能選faster，一些比另外一些進(jìn)化得更快，符合文意。

　　16、D understand 詞義題，這個(gè)研究可以幫助我們理解一個(gè)事實(shí)。

　　17、B contributory 本句意為：社會(huì )環(huán)境是最主要的一個(gè)因素。Contributory貢獻，最佳。

　　18、A tendency 結合文章主旨，選擇基因相似的人做朋友是普遍現象，tendency趨勢傾向最符合。

　　19、C ethnic 同義替換，基因背景相似，種族的，民族的，最符合。

　　20、A see 本句意為：盡管所有的研究對象都取自歐洲血統，研究者也花心思確保了所有(用于比對的)朋友和陌生人也源自該血統中的同一支系。

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